✦ Male Infertility Treatment

TESA (Testicular Sperm Aspiration)

Q: What is the sperm retrieval rate for TESA?

TESA achieves 50–70% successful sperm retrieval in obstructive azoospermia; retrieval rates are lower in non-obstructive azoospermia. Your consultant will provide specific guidance based on your individual clinical situation and recovery.

Q: Is TESA or TESE better for non-obstructive azoospermia?

Micro-TESE is superior for non-obstructive azoospermia; TESA may miss focal sperm production foci that micro-TESE identifies under the microscope.

Q: Can sperm retrieved by TESA be frozen?

Yes — testicular sperm can be cryopreserved for future ICSI cycles, avoiding repeated retrieval procedures. Your consultant will provide specific guidance based on your individual clinical situation and recovery.

Minimally Invasive Testicular Sperm Retrieval by Needle Aspiration

15–30 min PROCEDURE

Day Care HOSPITAL STAY

50–70% SUCCESS RATE

1–3 Days RECOVERY

What is TESA (Testicular Sperm Aspiration)?

TESA (Testicular Sperm Aspiration) is a minimally invasive procedure for sperm retrieval in men with obstructive azoospermia or selected cases of non-obstructive azoospermia. A fine needle is passed through the scrotal skin into the testis, and testicular tissue or fluid is aspirated. The aspirate is examined immediately for the presence of spermatozoa. Retrieved sperm are used for ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection) with the partner's oocytes. The procedure is performed under general or spinal anaesthesia with a hospital stay of Day Care. Success rates reach 50–70% in appropriately selected patients at experienced centres.

Men with obstructive azoospermia (post-vasectomy, congenital absence of vas deferens, or epididymal blockage) requiring sperm for ICSI when vasovasostomy is not desired. Patients must be adequately fit for anaesthesia and free from active systemic infection before proceeding.

How the Procedure Works

Local Anaesthesia

Scrotum prepared; local anaesthesia injected into the spermatic cord and scrotal skin.

Needle Insertion

Fine gauge needle attached to a syringe passed through the scrotal skin into the testis.

Aspiration

Gentle suction applied while the needle is moved through the testicular parenchyma.

Embryologist Assessment

Aspirate examined under microscope by embryologist for presence of spermatozoa.

Multiple Sites if Needed

Procedure repeated in multiple sites or contralateral testis if initial aspirate is negative.

Outcomes

15–30 minDURATION

Day CareHOSPITAL STAY

50–70%SUCCESS RATE

1–3 DaysFULL RECOVERY

Who Needs This Treatment?

→Least invasive sperm retrieval technique — needle only, no incision required.
→Performed under local anaesthesia as a quick outpatient procedure.
→Suitable for obstructive azoospermia where sperm production is normal.
→Minimal post-procedural discomfort — most men return to work within 1–2 days.
→Can be performed on the day of partner's egg collection for fresh ICSI.
→Repeated procedures possible if needed; sperm can be cryopreserved.

"TESA is the simplest path to fatherhood for men with obstructive azoospermia. In 30 minutes under local anaesthesia, we retrieve sperm that allows ICSI and gives our patients the family they have been waiting for."

— — Dr. Vipin Reddy, Consultant Urologist, Andrologist & Renal Transplant Surgeon

Common Questions

Frequently Asked

What is the sperm retrieval rate for TESA?+

Is TESA or TESE better for non-obstructive azoospermia?+

Can sperm retrieved by TESA be frozen?+

Not sure which treatment is right for you?

Book a consultation with Dr. Vipin Reddy and get a personalised treatment plan.

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