ACL Reconstruction (Arthroscopic)
A minimally invasive procedure to replace the torn anterior cruciate ligament with a tendon graft — restoring knee stability, function, and safe return to sport.
What is ACL Reconstruction (Arthroscopic)?
ACL reconstruction surgery is performed to replace a torn Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) — one of the major stabilising ligaments of the knee. The ACL controls rotational stability and prevents excessive forward movement of the shin bone; when it tears, the knee becomes painful, swollen, and unstable during daily activities and sport. ACL injuries occur during sudden stops, twisting, pivoting, or falls. Depending on severity, mild injuries may be managed without surgery, but complete tears in active individuals require arthroscopic reconstruction to restore knee stability and allow safe return to physical activity. The damaged ligament is replaced with a tendon graft — taken from the patient's own hamstring or patellar tendon — inserted through precisely positioned bone tunnels.
How the Procedure Works
Pre-operative MRI Assessment
MRI confirms the ACL tear and evaluates associated cartilage or meniscus damage; anaesthesia is administered and the knee is prepared on the day of surgery.
Arthroscopic Access
Small keyhole incisions are made around the knee; an arthroscope is inserted to provide a clear, magnified view of all joint structures on a monitor.
Tear Identification
The surgeon confirms the torn ACL and assesses any associated cartilage, meniscus, or ligament damage that may require simultaneous treatment.
Bone Tunnel Preparation
Precisely positioned tunnels are created in the femur and tibia to anchor the new graft at the correct anatomical location for effective stability.
Graft Placement & Fixation
The tendon graft — typically hamstring or patellar tendon — is passed through the bone tunnels and secured using surgical screws or fixation devices.
Final Inspection & Wound Closure
Knee stability and smooth movement are confirmed; instruments are removed, incisions are closed with sutures, and the knee is supported with a brace.
Outcomes
Who Needs This Treatment?
- →Restores knee stability and prevents the joint from giving way during activity
- →Minimally invasive arthroscopic technique — small incisions and faster recovery than open surgery
- →Allows safe, confident return to sport and physically demanding activities
- →Associated meniscus or cartilage injuries can be addressed in the same procedure
- →Choice of graft source tailored to patient age, activity level, and anatomy
- →Structured rehabilitation programme guides progressive return to full function
“ACL reconstruction gives patients back the knee stability they need to live an active life. Precise graft positioning and a well-structured rehabilitation programme are the two keys to a successful, lasting outcome.”
— Dr. Satish Reddy Gandavarapu, Senior Orthopaedic & Trauma Surgeon, Lux Hospitals, Hyderabad
Common Questions
Frequently Asked
Not sure which treatment is right for you?
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